Bordwell & Thompson

Bordwell and Thomspon are 2 theorists that came up with their 4 corners theory in 2001. In their theory there are 4 different sections; Graphic, Rhymtic, Spatial & Temporal.

Graphic Editing

• Graphic Match - Shots link together by similar graphics
• Graphic Continuity - P.O.I remains constant throughout everything
• Graphic Dis-continuity - Play around with different footage, color etc

Rhymtic Editing

• Different shots and cuts have different effects
• All shots are the same length
• Shots with good length are steadier
• Shots can get shorter and shorter
• Longer or quick, rapid shots

Spatial Editing

• Continuity editing & establishing shot
• "Kuleshov Effect" No establishing shot but still know where it's set
• Cross-cutting or parallel editing in different locations

This here is a example of Spatial editing because it cross cuts between two different locations.

Temporal Editing

• Order - Things can be manipulated by reverse shots, time sequences or flash-backs
• Duration - Punctuation, empty frames or cutaway (ellipsis alteration)
• Frequency - Repeating things can be powerful

Chipmunk - Superstar

Mise-En-Scene

Different Locations

2/3 Costume changes

Setting matches the genre of song

Performance

Concert footage

Photos of his past-time

3/4 minutes long

Camera

Close ups of him & props

Camera angles make it clear he's a solo artist

Changes to long shot when he's with other people (Wretch 32)

Editing

The video cuts to a different shot on the beat

Chipmunk 'Superstar' has montage editing

The style/production makes the video match the song genre

This part of the video he's in a run-down estate showing relation to the genre (UK Rap)

Sound

Lip syncing

Backing track

Fugative - Crush

Editing

Very quick cuts

Montage

Video match's the genre

Performance

Loads of girls = conventions of Rap/Grime

Lip syncing

Eye contact

3/4 mins long

Mise-En-Scene

Costume changes

Various locations

Women in skimpy clothes

Camera

Close up on artist whilst singing

Long shots when he's with the dancers

Camera makes it's clear he's a solo artist

Sound

Lip syncing

No sound effects

Backing track

Long shot of Fugative whilst he's with his dancers.

Drake (Young Money) - Over

Sound

Lip syncing

No diegetic sound

Backing track

Constant backing track

Editing

Montage

Quick cuts

Video match genre

Cut on beat

Performance

3/4 mins long

Lip syncing

Eye contact with audience

Negative lyrics match genre of song

Camera

Clear it's a solo artist

Close up when he's singing

Mise-En-Scene

Costume changes

Various different

locations

Dark clothing relates to lyrics

Drake giving eye contact with the audience

Conventions of A Music Video

There are many different conventions for a simple music video that audiences watch as a visual to go along with their favorite songs. These are:

• Lots of different camera shot
• Various different locations
• Costume changes
• The artist/band will lip sync
• Montage editing
• Video cuts to the beat
• The video is 3/4 minutes long
• Will somehow or some-part refer songs lyrics
• Eye contact with audience
• Clear if it's a band or a solo artist